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Top 20%
60-80%
40-60%
20-40%
Bottom 20%

The American Dream Machine

Watch 5,000 lives flow through the income ladder over 35 years

Reached top 20%
Upper middle
Middle
Lower middle
Bottom 20%
0
Rose from poverty to wealth
of 1,000 who started in bottom 20%
0
Fell from wealth to poverty
of 1,000 who started in top 20%
Age 0 Years old
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An Interactive Data Story

Does Your Zip Code Determine Your Destiny?

Explore how childhood neighborhoods shape adult outcomes across 72,000 US neighborhoods.

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Neighborhoods Analyzed
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Children Tracked
0%
Mobility Gap
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Economic Mobility Score
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High
25th %ile 75th %ile
01

The American Dream

In America, we believe anyone can make it. Work hard, play by the rules, and you can climb the economic ladder—no matter where you start.

But what if where you're born matters more than how hard you try?

02

The Opportunity Map

This map shows economic mobility—how well children from low-income families do as adults. Green areas help kids climb; red areas trap them.

The data tracks 20 million children from birth to age 35.

03

The Rural Advantage

Surprisingly, the highest mobility is in rural areas of the Great Plains—North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska.

Kids from poor families in these areas reach the 65th percentile on average—well into the middle class.

04

The Urban Challenge

Major cities show a different story. In parts of Atlanta, Chicago, and Charlotte, kids from poor families stay poor.

Many reach only the 30th percentile—barely above where they started.

05

Same City, Different Worlds

The real story is hyperlocal. Within the same city, neighborhoods just miles apart have wildly different outcomes.

A child's future can change dramatically based on which side of a street they grow up on.

06

The Hidden Divide

Click the toggles above to see how outcomes differ by race and ethnicity.

The same neighborhood can be high-mobility for White children and low-mobility for Black children.

Place matters—but it matters differently depending on who you are.

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Find Your Neighborhood

Scroll down to explore your own neighborhood. See how it compares to the national average.

What opportunities did your childhood zip code provide—or deny?

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The Question

These patterns aren't destiny. Research shows that moving children to higher-opportunity areas improves their outcomes.

Every year a child spends in a high-mobility neighborhood adds to their lifetime earnings.

The question is: what will we do about it?

Find Your Neighborhood

Discover the mobility score for any US neighborhood and see how it compares.

Maricopa County

Arizona
0.45 mobility score
Top 35% of US
Children who grew up in low-income families in this area reach the 45th percentile on average by age 35—slightly above the national median.
$42K
Avg. Income at 35
31%
College Attendance
2.1%
Incarceration Rate

Outcomes by Race

White
0.48
Black
0.35
Hispanic
0.42